A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module on Knowledge Regarding Protein Energy Malnutrition among the Mothers of under Five-Year Children in Selected Anganwadi at Nandasan, Gujarat

 

Rajesh Joshi

Lecturer, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Tal- Visnagar, Dist- Mehsana (Gujarat)

 

ABSTRACT:

Background-UNICEF has reported that hunger and related protein energy malnutrition as the greatest single threat to the world's public health. One in every three malnourished children of the world lives in India1Aims and Objectives-To assess the existing knowledge regarding protein energy malnutrition among mother of under five-year children. To determine the effectiveness of self-instructional module. To compare the knowledge of protein energy malnutrition with selected demographic variables. Material and Methods-The data were collected from 30 Mothers of under five children by purposive sampling techniques with the use structured questionnaire and one group pretest posttest design was used. Result-Mother of under five year children had good knowledge with effectiveness of 19.23%.There was highly significant difference found between pretest and posttest knowledge scores and there was significant association found between knowledge scores with demographic variables like age of mothers of under five year children and other no association was found with other variables. Conclusion-SIM found to be effective in improving the knowledge of mothers of under five year children.

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Nearly one in five children under age five in the developing world is underweight (MDG report, 2012).²and it continues to be a primary cause of ill health and mortality among children.  Under-nutrition is a major cause in more than half of under-five deaths. In India, around 43% of under five children were underweight according to the report of third national family health survey (NFHS- 3) conducted during 2005-06.³This includes 43 percent moderate to severe cases, 16 percent severe malnutrition, of these, 19 percent have moderate to severe wasting and 38 percent moderate to severe stunting.⁴

 

 

 

 

PEM accounts for 5 percent of death among preschool children’s.⁵One of the objective of XI th five year plan is to reduce malnutrition among children of age groups 0-3 to half its present level. A study was therefore planned to assess the existing knowledge regarding protein energy malnutrition among the mothers of under five year children.

 

To evaluate the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge regarding protein energy malnutrition among the mothers of under five year children. To compare the knowledge of malnutrition with selected demographic variables.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

A quasi experimental study pre and posttest design without control group approach undertaken in Nandasan. Data were collected from 30 mothers of under five year children’s to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding protein energy malnutrition; validated and reliability  tested self-prepared structured questionnaire were used to collect data, description and inferential statistics were used for analysis.

 

RESULT:

Finding revealed that the Highest percentages (46.66%) were in the age group of 21 to 30 years, Highest percentages (43.33%) of mothers had primary education, Majority (70%) of mother’s occupation were housewife, Highest percentages (60%) of mothers had Above Rs. 3,000/- to 6,000/- monthly family income, Majority (60%) of mothers were Hindus, Majority (60%) of mothers were vegetarian, Highest percentages (56.67%) of mothers from Joint family, Majority (40%) of mothers had under 5 year child, Highest percentages (73.33%) of mothers of child had complete immunization, Majority (66.67%) of mothers had previous knowledge regarding PEM. Highest percentages (39.9%) of mothers had knowledge from TV and newspaper.

 

Findings revealed that the pretest level of knowledge score was (12.43±3.48) which is 41.43% whereas in the post test the score was (17.6±3.56) which is 58.66%. The effectiveness was found 19.23%.It suggest that effectiveness of STP (19.23%) in improving the knowledge of protein energy malnutrition (‘t=10.86  p<0.05) It was found that there was significant association between the knowledge scores and variables like age of mother of under five year children (4.66) and other no association was found with other variables.

 

DISCUSSION:

It should be emphasized that having educational sessions with the mothers of under five year children regarding Protein energy malnutrition with educating materials would there by improve their knowledge, which leads to better care for the symptoms, compliance with the treatment, early recognition and prevention of complication. Thus reduces the lack of awareness, negative attitude and less chance of health problems there by leading an effective comprehensive care, cure and longer survival and reduces health care cost.

 

CONCLUSION:

The major conclusion drawn from this study was that SIM found to be effective in improving the knowledge of mothers of under five year children regarding protein energy malnutrition.

 

REFERENCE:

1.       UNICEF India. The Children - Nutrition. Available at: http://www.unicef.org/india/children_2356.htm

2.       Millennium Development Goals (MDG) report 2012. Available at:http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/reports.shtml

3.       National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), India, 2005-06. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, International Institute for Population Sciences Deonar, Mumbai. Available at:http://www.indiahealthstat.com.

4.       Park K. Parks textbook of preventive and social medicine. 20^thed. Jabalpur (India):  Banarasidas Bhanot Publishers; Feb 2011, P. 472

5.       Suryakantha AH. Community medicine with recent advances. 1^st ed. New Delhi (India): Jaypee brothers medical publishers; 2009, P.181

 

 

 

 

 

Received on 27.08.2014           Modified on 08.10.2014

Accepted on 27.10.2014           © A&V Publication all right reserved